Tratamiento específico COVID-19
Abstract
En medio de la pandemia causada por SARS-CoV-2, aún no existen tratamientos específicos validados para enfrentarla. Como consecuencia, se ha intentado utilizar otros fármacos mientras se descubre tanto una vacuna para prevenir COVID-19, como un medicamento que sea efectivo y seguro.
Actualmente se están llevando a cabo una serie de ensayos clínicos sobre diversos tratamientos sugerentes, de gran importancia para el conocimiento y comprensión del SARS-Cov-2.
En Chile se ha estado prefiriendo como una de las primeras terapias, al igual que en otros países del mundo, la hidroxicloroquina. Sin embargo, esto ha ido variando a lo largo del tiempo debido a los estudios publicados constantemente, se ha utilizan también antivirales como Lopinavir/ritonavir e incluso el anticuerpo monoclonal para artritis reumatoide Tocilizumab y transfusión de plasma.
Se debe evaluar el tratamiento para cada paciente y monitorear constantemente distintos parámetros para observar evolución y evitar posibles efectos adversos o fallecimiento.
El objetivo de esta revisión es informar y entregar evidencia sobre los distintos tratamientos actualmente discutidos y su efectividad en medio de esta pandemia o en otras situaciones pasadas relevantes. Dentro de las alternativas se encuentran antipalúdicos, antivirales y terapias inmunológicas como plasma convaleciente, cada una con sus ventajas y riesgos, pero ninguna en la que se haya comprobado su efectividad por investigaciones que arrojen resultados estadísticamente significativos.
Keywords:
COVID-19, tratamiento, fármacos, antivirales, SARS-CoV-2References
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